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Precautions For High Voltage Installation

High voltage electrical installation company near me power lines can be erected on utility poles, but they are also buried. Wherever you are working it is essential to know the right procedures for working with high voltage electricity.

The biggest danger is an electric shock. This could cause serious injuries, or even death.

Insulation

Insulation is a crucial aspect of high-voltage installations and should be maintained at appropriate levels to not only safeguard against failure but also to avoid electric shocks. It acts as a barrier between electrodes of a device and the rest of the circuit, making it difficult for someone to touch them directly, which can lead to injury or death.

Various materials are used to create insulators. Rubber was the most well-known material due to its ease to manufacture and could stand up to the toughest conditions. But, now, plastics have replaced it as the material of choice for the majority of high-voltage applications.

Certain plastics are more durable than others, and you must look at the properties of every insulation material when deciding which one is best for your project. Specifically, you need to be aware of the strength of each, how tough it is, its flexibility and how it handles moisture and abrasion.

The properties of thermal and chemical properties are also important. These properties can help you choose the right material for your application.

It is essential to ensure that insulators are resistant to heat and pressure when used in high-voltage settings. You should choose a material that can withstand temperatures of up to 1000 degrees and also humidity.

In addition it is essential to look for insulators that are resistant to fire and other hazards. This could include materials that are water-proof and impervious to chemicals and oil, or even a material able to resist sunlight and ozone.

It is also essential to choose insulations that are made to withstand the extreme tensions caused by power transmission. These can be suspension insulators and shackle insulators as well as strain insulators.

These insulators are used for dead ends or sharp corners on power lines in which a heavy tension load is expected. These insulators can contain several glass or porcelain discs, which are joined by metal links, based on the voltage.

Sharp Points

Using a conductor with sharp edges and points increases the chance of dielectric failure in the event of a high voltage spike. Thankfully, most manufacturers are wise to this problem and have made a habit of using heat-shrink tubing with adequate dielectric strength. A well-designed system will take steps to minimize the risk of poorly trimmed insulation, which is a common issue for high-voltage installers.

A good rule of thumb for ensuring a safe, efficient installation is to employ a reputable contractor. The most skilled contractors are acquainted about the dangers of high voltages and have a well-constructed safety plan. This is the most difficult part of the procedure. It is vital that each employee of the team understands their role and understands the high-voltage terminology.

Dust

To ensure the safety of employees and prevent injury, it is important to ensure that dust doesn't get into a high voltage installation. Dust-proof structures are a great option. It is also recommended that a protective cover be applied to the insulation.

High voltage equipment generally uses metal dust and insulating fibers. This is due to their similar discharge and movement characteristics and a small amount dust can drastically reduce the breakdown voltage of an air gap.

It isn't known what impact these impurities have on the nature of an air gap's breakdown. To better understand the discharge phenomena of these materials, a series experiments were conducted to examine their discharge and motion independently and in conjunction.

As shown in Figure 10 the voltage that lifts of metal dust fluctuates as the particle size decreases, however the movement law remains unchanged. The particles are transported primarily towards the electrode on the upper side when the voltage is less than 7 kV. They bounce violently between electrodes when it reaches 14 kV.

A series of tests using a high speed camera were done to see the movement and discharge of these materials in greater detail. The results revealed that metal dust and insulating fibre can be divided into three states: close-and contact sate (or distant sate), distant sate (or jump sate).

The metal dust in contact with sate moved towards the electrodes. Its movement area caused an area of columnar dust between them. The area had a low dust concentration.

The insulating fibres on contrary, did not move when the voltage was low, however, they began lifting when voltage increased. The resulting jumps between the electrodes were quite fascinating.

During the test, voltage was increased from 7 kV to 16 kV. The metal dust and insulating fibres started to move with a ferocious speed. The insulating fibers began bounce and lift up quickly between the electrodes. This caused a sudden change in their movement. At the same time an enormous amount of dust particles were ejected from the discharge area which led to an explosion.

Voltage Breakdown

Breakdown occurs when an insulator goes through a rapid change in its electrical properties. This is caused by the local electric field strength which is greater than the dielectric force of the material. This can occur in air or any other insulator, and can result in fire, burns or High Voltage Installation shock or even explosion.

Depending on the material and the shape of the object, breakdown may occur at different voltages. It is therefore essential to test the materials that are used for high voltage installations.

For example, the drain-to-source current determines the breakdown voltage of the semiconductor device, such as a MOSFET. A technique known as gate-current extraction can determine the breakdown voltage.

Another method of determining the voltage of breakdown is to place a sample of material between two electrodes, and then apply an electric current of high. The voltage is then increased until the material breaks down.

The material of an insulator, the distance between electrodes and the strength of the electric field at the contact determine the voltage at which it breaks. This is a crucial factor in determining how much voltage is safe to apply to an insulator.

Engineers can use dielectric breakdown testing to determine the maximum voltage that their designs are able to withstand. It is also used for monitoring changes in the insulator’s ability to resist voltage.

Certain conductors like aluminum and copper, are more prone to break than other. Aluminum can experience an energy loss of up to 3 kV/mm if it is exposed to dry air at normal atmospheric pressure. This is the reason that aluminum cable is tested to a much lower voltage than copper.

Other insulators, like silicon, can experience breakdown voltages up to 3.5kV/mm when exposed to air that is dry at normal pressure. This is because silicon conducts at lower temperatures than aluminum.

Impurities, such as bubbles, can cause liquids to break down. These can lead to a non-linear electric field strength between the electrodes which can increase the breakdown potential.

For this reason, it is usually beneficial to shield the conductive surfaces of a device using dielectric materials, such as glass or plastic. This will help protect against the possibility of disintegrating and the risks that can result from it.